The South African government provides social assistance to those in need through the Social Assistance Act, which is regulated by the South African Social Security Agency (SASSA). Social grants are available for individuals who are at risk of experiencing hunger or who require government support to improve their standard of living. This assistance is often provided to elderly individuals, people with disabilities, and those in need.

To be eligible for a social grant, applicants must be South African citizens, legally admitted permanent residents, or refugees. Additionally, they must undergo a “means test,” which is used to determine their eligibility for certain social benefits, such as child support, disability assistance, care-dependent relief, and social relief of distress. The means test considers an individual's income and assets to determine whether they qualify for a grant designed to support those who cannot afford to live independently.